اثربخشی راهبردهای فراحافظه بر باورهای هوشی و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی دانش‌آموزان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

هدف: این پژوهش با هدف اثربخشی راهبردهای فراحافظه بر باورهای هوشی و انعطاف‌­پذیری شناختی دانش‌­آموزان شهر قائم‌شهر انجام شد.
روش: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش­‌آزمون-پس‌­آزمون همراه با گروه گواه بود. جامعۀ آماری تمام دانش‌آموزان دختر سال آخر دبیرستان شهرستان قائم‌شهر در سال تحصیلی 98-97 بودند که تعداد 30 نفر نمونه به‌صورت نمونه­‌گیری خوشه­‌ای چندمرحله‌­ای در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل جایگزین شدند. آموزش راهبردهای فراحافظه روی گروه آزمایش به تعداد 10 جلسه 45 دقیقه­‌ای اجرا شد. از مقیاس باورهای هوشی دوئک (1999) و پرسشنامۀ انعطاف­‌پذیری شناختی دنیس و وندوال (2010) برای گردآوری اطلاعات استفاده شد. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها از روش آماری تحلیل کوواریانس استفاده شد.
یافته‌­ها: نتایج نشان داد بین میانگین نمرات باورهای هوشی و انعطاف‌­پذیری شناختی دو گروه در پس‌­آزمون تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (0.05 >P)؛ معنادار بودن تفاوت نمره‌­های پس‌­آزمون در گروه آزمایش، حاکی از تأثیر آموزش راهبردهای فراحافظه بر باورهای هوشی و انعطاف‌­پذیری شناختی دانش‌­آموزان دارد.
نتیجه­‌گیری: آموزش راهبردهای فراحافظه اثر چشمگیری بر بهبود عملکرد شناختی دانش‌آموزان دارد و می‌توان از آن به‌عنوان روشی مفید برای بهبود عملکرد باور هوشی و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Meta-Memory Strategies on Students' Intelligence Beliefs and Cognitive Flexibility

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Abdollahzadeh 1
  • azadeh vahidi kya 2
  • Hiva Mahmoudi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Master of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of meta-memory strategies on IQ and cognitive flexibility among Ghaemshahr students.
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population was all final year female students of Ghaemshahr high school during the academic year of 2019, and 30 samples were replaced by multi-stage cluster sampling in two experimental and control groups. The training of metamemory strategies was carried out on the experimental group for 10 sessions of 45 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention. The Doek Intelligence Scale (1999) and the Dennis and Wendwall Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010) were used to gather information. Statistical analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of Intelligence beliefs and cognitive flexibility in the post-test (P<0.05); significance of difference in post-test scores in the experimental group indicates the effect of teaching metacognitive strategies on students' Intelligence beliefs and cognitive flexibility.
Conclusion: Teaching metacognitive strategies has a significant effect on improving students' cognitive functioning and can be used as a useful method to improve Intelligence beliefs performance and cognitive flexibility

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Meta-Memory Strategies
  • Intelligence Beliefs
  • Cognitive Flexibility
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