The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial and timing errors of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion
Department of Motor Behavior and sport psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
10.22084/j.psychogy.2025.30192.2748
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial errors and timing of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion.
Thirty-two university students aged 18- 28 voluntarily participated in the study (real, 16 and sham, 16). In the pre-test, participants performed a dual-target tapping task in four different Ebbinghaus illusion conditions. These conditions included two temporal rhythms and two movement directions. Timing error and spatial error were measured. Then, for four consecutive days, tDCS was applied to V1 area in the real group and sham stimulation was applied in the sham group. One day after the last stimulation session, a post-test was performed, and three days later, a follow-up test was performed. Friedman and Wilcoxon statistical methods were used at a significance level of 0.05.
The results showed that when performing movement in the Ebbinghaus illusion condition, spatial and timing errors did not differ in the horizontal and vertical conditions. Applying tDCS reduced the timing and spatial error in performing the rhythmic tapping task with the illusion context (p<0.05). Considering the effect of the Ebbinghaus visual illusion on spatial and temporal errors of continuous movement, the hypothesis of separation of the two visual-cognitive and motor streams is questioned. Also, considering the effect of anodal tDCS on the V1 area and the reduction of spatial and temporal errors in the motor tasks, it is suggested to use this method in tasks that require the use of visual accuracy.
Doustan, M. , Saemi, E. and Jafari, F. (2025). The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial and timing errors of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion. Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, (), -. doi: 10.22084/j.psychogy.2025.30192.2748
MLA
Doustan, M. , , Saemi, E. , and Jafari, F. . "The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial and timing errors of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion", Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.22084/j.psychogy.2025.30192.2748
HARVARD
Doustan, M., Saemi, E., Jafari, F. (2025). 'The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial and timing errors of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion', Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22084/j.psychogy.2025.30192.2748
CHICAGO
M. Doustan , E. Saemi and F. Jafari, "The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial and timing errors of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion," Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, (2025): -, doi: 10.22084/j.psychogy.2025.30192.2748
VANCOUVER
Doustan, M., Saemi, E., Jafari, F. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex on spatial and timing errors of tapping movements in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion. Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.22084/j.psychogy.2025.30192.2748
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